効果的Juniper JN0-351｜100％合格率のJN0-351問題と解答試験｜試験の準備方法Enterprise Routing and Switching, Specialist (JNCIS-ENT)練習問題集

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Oct 18, 2024 - 13:02

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Juniper JN0-351 認定試験の出題範囲：

トピック	出題範囲
トピック 1	レイヤ 2 ファイアウォールフィルタの概念、利点、操作を特定するスパニングツリーの設定、監視、トラブルシューティング方法の知識を実証する
トピック 2	BGP の概念、操作、または機能について説明する IP トンネリングの概念、要件、または機能を特定する
トピック 3	VLAN STP および Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) の概念、利点、または機能について説明する
トピック 4	概念、利点、操作について説明する構成、監視方法の知識を実証する

>> JN0-351問題と解答 <<

Juniper Enterprise Routing and Switching, Specialist (JNCIS-ENT) 認定 JN0-351 試験問題 (Q46-Q51):

質問 # 46
Exhibit

You are troubleshooting an issue where traffic to 192.168.10.0/24 is being sent to R1 instead of your desired path through R2.
Referring to the exhibit, what is the reason for the problem?

A. R1's route is the best path due to a higher local preference
B. R2's route is not the best path due to a lower origin code.
C. R1's route is the best path due to the shorter AS path.
D. R2's route is not the best path due to loop prevention.

正解：A

解説：
The exhibit shows the output of the command show ip bgp, which displays information about the BGP routes in the routing table1. The output shows two routes for the destination 192.168.10.0/24, one from R1 and one from R2.
The route from R1 has a local preference of 200, while the route from R2 has a local preference of
100. Local preference is a BGP attribute that indicates the degree of preference for a route within an autonomous system (AS)2. A higher local preference means a more preferred route2.
BGP uses a best path selection algorithm to choose the best route for each destination among multiple paths. The algorithm compares different attributes of the routes in a specific order of precedence3. The first attribute that is compared is weight, which is a Cisco-specific attribute that is local to the router3. If the weight is equal or not set, the next attribute that is compared is local preference3.
In this case, both routes have the same weight of 0, which means that they are learned from external BGP (eBGP) peers3. Therefore, the next attribute that is compared is local preference. Since R1's route has a higher local preference than R2's route, it is chosen as the best path and installed in the routing table3. The other attributes, such as origin code and AS path, are not considered in this case.

質問 # 47
Exhibit

Your BGP neighbors, one in the USA and one in France, are not establishing a connection with each other.
Referring to the exhibit, which statement is correct?

A. The BFD liveness must be configured on the BGP group.
B. The BFD liveness is set too high.
C. The BFD liveness is set too low.
D. The BFD liveness must be configured on the BGP neighbor.

正解：D

解説：
Explanation
The exhibit shows the configuration of BFD liveness detection for BGP at the global level, which applies to all BGP neighbors by default1. However, this configuration does not specify the session mode, which determines whether BFD uses single-hop or multihop mode to communicate with a neighbor2.
For single-hop BGP neighbors, which are directly connected on the same subnet, the session mode can be either automatic or single-hop. For multihop BGPneighbors, which are not directly connected and require multiple hops to reach, the session mode must be multihop2.
Since your BGP neighbors are in different countries, they are likely to be multihop neighbors. Therefore, you need to configure the session mode as multihop for each neighbor individually at the [edit protocols bgp group group-name neighbor address bfd-liveness-detection] hierarchy level2. For example:
protocols { bgp { group usa { neighbor 192.0.2.1 { bfd-liveness-detection { session-mode multihop; } } } group france { neighbor 198.51.100.1 { bfd-liveness-detection { session-mode multihop; } } } } } If you do not configure the session mode for multihop neighbors, BFD will use the default mode of automatic, which will try to use single-hop mode and fail to establish a BFD session with the remote neighbor2. This will prevent BGP from using BFD to detect liveliness and failover.
Therefore, the answer B is correct, as you need to configure the BFD liveness detection on the BGP neighbor level with the appropriate session mode for multihop neighbors.

質問 # 48
What are two characteristics of RSTP alternate ports? (Choose two.)

A. RSTP alternate ports block traffic while receiving superior BPDUs from a neighboring switch.
B. RSTP alternate ports provide an alternate lower cost path to the root bridge.
C. RSTP alternate ports provide an alternate higher cost path to the root bridge.
D. RSTP alternate ports are active ports used to forward frames toward the root bridge.

正解：A、C

解説：
A is correct because RSTP alternate ports block traffic while receiving superior BPDUs from a neighboring switch. An alternate port is a backup port for a root port, which means it receives better BPDUs from another bridge than the current root port1. However, an alternate port does not forward any traffic, as it is in a discarding state2. It only listens to BPDUs and waits for the root port to fail. If the root port fails, the alternate port can immediately transition to a forwarding state and become the new root port1.
C is correct because RSTP alternate ports provide an alternate higher cost path to the root bridge. An alternate port is selected based on the same criteria as the root port, which are the lowest bridge ID, the lowest path cost, the lowest sender port ID, and the lowest receiver port ID3. However, an alternate port receives a higher cost BPDU than the root port, otherwise it would be the root port itself1. Therefore, an alternate port provides an alternate higher cost path to the root bridge than the root port.

質問 # 49
Which two statements about redundant trunk groups on EX Series switches are correct? (Choose two.)

A. Layer 2 control traffic is permitted on the secondary link.
B. Redundant trunk groups load balance traffic across two designated uplink interfaces.
C. If the active link fails, then the secondary link automatically takes over.
D. Redundant trunk groups use spanning tree to provide loop-free redundant uplinks.

正解：A、C

解説：
C is correct because Layer 2 control traffic is permitted on the secondary link of a redundant trunk group (RTG) on EX Series switches. Layer 2 control traffic includes protocols such as LLDP, LACP, and STP, which are used to exchange information and coordinate actions between switches1. According to the Juniper Networks documentation2, Layer 2 control traffic is allowed to pass through both the active and the secondary links of an RTG, but data traffic is only forwarded through the active link. This allows the switches to maintain their Layer 2 adjacencies and monitor the link status on both links.
D is correct because if the active link fails, then the secondary link automatically takes over in an RTG on EX Series switches. An RTG consists of two trunk links: an active or primary link, and a secondary or backup link2. The active link is used to forward data traffic, while the secondary link is in standby mode. If the active link fails or becomes unavailable, the secondary link immediately transitions to a forwarding state and takes over the data traffic without waiting for normal STP convergence2. This provides fast recovery and redundancy for the network.

質問 # 50
Two routers share the same highest priority and start time.

A. The router with the highest MAC address become the DR
B. The routers perform another DR election.
C. In this situation, what is evaluated next when determining the designated router? The router with the lowest router ID become the DR.
D. The router with the highest router ID becomes the DR

正解：D

解説：
According to the OSPF protocol, the designated router (DR) is the router that acts as the focal point for exchanging routing information on a multi-access network segment, such as a LAN1. The DR election process is based on the following criteria, in order of precedence1:
The router with the highest OSPF priority becomes the DR. The default priority is 1, and a priority of 0 means the router will not participate in the election.
If there is a tie in priority, the router with the highest router ID becomes the DR. The router ID is a 32-bit number that uniquely identifies a router in an OSPF domain. It can be manually configured or automatically derived from the highest IP address of a loopback interface or a physical interface.
If there is a tie in router ID, the router that was first to become an OSPF neighbor becomes the DR.
In your scenario, two routers share the same highest priority and start time. This means that they have equal chances of becoming the DR based on the first and third criteria. Therefore, the second criterion will be used to break the tie, which is the router ID. The router with the highest router ID will become the DR, and the other router will become the backup designated router (BDR), which is ready to take over the role of DR if it fails1.

質問 # 51
......

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効果的Juniper JN0-351｜100％合格率のJN0-351問題と解答試験｜試験の準備方法Enterprise Routing and Switching, Specialist (JNCIS-ENT)練習問題集